The Woman's Journal, vol. 43, no. 8, February 24, 1912, p. 59

Boxes

Of Course You've Tried Educator Wafers-buttered! Didn't you find them far more convenient to serve than bread—to say nothing of flavor—as satisfying as it is unique. So now know how isi Wheat Wafers—one of many varicties of They originated by my father, Dr. wr was to ie to the world a cracker containing all the nourishment that Natre put

I penor cach day's bake. Educator ers e

Children in the Canneries

Children employed in the canneries were, in 1905, deprived of the intended protection of the child labor law by a stroke of the pen of former Attorney General of the State of New York, Julius Mayer, who held that sheds are not parts of canneries, and do not, therefore, come under the law. The long, slow, tedious campaign of petition and persuasion has since been going on in the Legislature to introduce the word “sheds" into the State labor law. No one can foretell when the campaign will be successful, but it will certainly not end during the present year. Meanwhile, children five years old may legally be kept shelling peas or snipping beans from five in the morning until midnight, it they can be made to keep their eyes open. An investigator reports finding a tiny child asleep on the shed floor at midnight with its hands full of the beans on which it had been working when it fell asleep.

Attorneys General are elected. Mothers and women teachers have no more voice in electing them than in electing judges of the State Court of Appeals, or members of the New York City Board of Education (who are appointed by the Mayor). Need of Children's Bureau

The new federal report on Conditions of Work of Women and Children gives a foretaste of the kind of knowledge that we shall get, current and up-to-date, when the Children's Bureau in the Department of the Interior is established. From it we shall learn, year by year, and place by place, and industry by industry, exactly how our children work and suffer and are robbed of their birthright. Then every Legislature can make laws in the light of full knowledge of the facts in States in which the industries compete with those in its own State.

But when shall we get the Children's Bureau? The campaign of persuasion and petition is already seven years o1d. The bill to create the Bureau was introduced in 1904. In that year John Jenkins of Wisconsin, Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary, is said by his colleagues to have pounded the table in the committee room as he asked, “What has the Congress of the United States to do with women and children, anyhow?" Fortunately, he has been returned to private life. But the mothers and teachers of the nation have no more weight with the Consress (excopt those of the six great States which have epfranchised women), than have the women of New York City with the Board of Education, or the magistrates, or the women of New

ith an he ery unthe the rly er-

THE WO JOURNAL, FEBRUARY 24, 1912 York State with the Attorney General frage the vote in the electoral college she brought them o and the Court of Appeals, or the wo- would be increased by 27 votes, name- thinkins, and for the men of South Carolina with the Les- ly, Kansas, 10; Wisconsin, 12, and history of Puget So islature and Governor Blease. Oresgon, 5, or a total of 64 votes in the a really important

We make some gains for the children by the method of petition and persuasion. We must continue to use it for the sake of the children, and, also, for the education which such work affords to those who engage in it. But child labor can be abolished only when the women of every State are given equal authority with men in the political, social and industrial life of this Republic.

WHAT TO DO AND WHAT OTHERS ARE DOING

A sgood suffragist from Wisconsin writes: “I sold sample copies of The Journal on the Chicago & Northwestern train last week and I shall try it again when traveling. They sell easily. Real missionary work, this nmew means of propaganda." There are certainly possibilities of Journal sales on the trains, especially when passengers are waiting for their trains to pull out on long journeys and they begin to realize that they will need something to read. Why not sive them something new, the paper that tells all about the great Votes for Women movement which is stirring the country and the world? This is an excellent opportunity for the enterprising.

The Woman's Journal is on sale in Boston at the news stand of Mrs. Jane Stowell, Lawrence Building, corner West and Tremont streets; at the smallware store of Mrs. M. A. Hudson, Huntington avenue and Norway street. The Journal is on sale from 2 to 4 Saturday afternoons on the corner of Tremont and Bromfield streets, Tremont and Park streets, Tremont and West streets, Tremont and Winstreets, Tremont and Temple place.

Notify The Journal office as to where The Woman's Journal can be purchased in your town or city. Suffragists need to know in order to patronize those stands for extra copies when they want them. We plan to give a small free advertisement to every news stand and store that keeps The Journal for sale. One New York suffragist likes The Woman's Journal so well that she has just ordered ten yearly subscriptions for herself. Many people send The Journal to ten friends, but few are so enthusiastic over The Journal that they themselves use ten copies per week.

A Journal subscriber responds to our call for volunteers to sell The Journal. She has been ordered South for her health, but does not intend to give up work for The Journal. She has found a way. She will use Woman's Journal subscription blanks in her personal letters to friends and acquaintances and expects to get a large number of subscribers for us in this way. “Where there's a will there's a way." Have the will and “the divinity which shapes our ends" will find the way!

Do not forget to use The Woman's Journal subscription blanks in your letters. Thousands of people do not know The Journal and are waiting to know the name and address and price. The proof that this is effective work is the number of subscription blanks that come in each week with a check or money order attached. Those who cannot sell papers, take subscriptions, make speeches or get up plays can surely do this. Subscription blanks are furnished free on application to The Journal office.

MAY TURN THE SCALE (Concluded from Page 57)

convention; that they are all bunched in one section of the country, and therefore have a common interest, and are likely to be controlled by their views of that interest. These States and the number of votes to which they are entitled are: “California, 13; Colorado, 6; Idaho, 4; Utah, 4; Washington, 7; Wyomins,. 3. in Other States

“The Legislatures of Kansas and Wisconsin have passed acts submit ting the question to the voters, and in Oregon the necessary petition has been filed for a vote on the subject in that State. 1f these three States should vote in favor of woman suf-

frage the vote in the electoral college would be increased by 27 votes, namely, Kansas, 10; Wisconsin, 12, and Oreson, 5, or a total of 64 votes in the college of 531 electors. “A striking historical fact in this connection is that in six presidential elections the Presidents were elected by a smaller number of votes than these States control, and in one instance a Vice-President failed to receive a majority of the votes of the electoral college, and was elected by the Senate.

“In 1793 John Adams defeated Thomas Jefferson by two votes. “In 1800 Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr each received 172 votes. The choice then devolved upon the House of Representatives, where Jeffersen recived the votes of ten States, Burr four, and two voted blanks.

Npain the riouse Slocts “In 1824 none of the candidates for President received enough electoral votes to elect, and the choice again devolved upon the House of Representatives, when John Quincy Adams was chosen by the votes of thirteen States; Andrew Jacksen received the votes of seven States, and W. H. Crawford the votes of four States.

“In 1836 no candidate for Vice-President received a majority of the votes of the electoral college, the election devolving upon the Senate, which elected R. M. Johnson by a vote of 33 to 16, his opponent being Francis Gayner. As the Vice-President would succeed the President in the event of the President's death or impeachment, the election was potentially as significant in respect to the importance of a few electoral votes as an election for a President directly.

“In 1840 Zachary Taylor defeated Lewis Cass by just 36 votes. “In 1876 Rutherferd B. Hayes defeated Samuel J. Tilden by one vote. “In 1884 Grover Cleveland defeated James G. Blaine by just 37 votes.'— Washington Star. WASHINGTON WOMEN SERVE ON THE JURY (Concluded from Page 57)

days $250, the amount some of the women received in a long session of court, was quite a windfall. One woman will tell you that she never looks out upon her fruit trees, bought and planted in the early '80s, but she thinks of the interesting questions she was called upon to decide in the jury box.

In Territorial days an English sea captain from Hawail was accused of holding a Kanaka woman in slavery. He, was indicted and brought to trial in Seattle. He had never heard of women serving as jurors, but he looked into their faces and said he would trust his case to them. They found him not guilty. Women in Washington are exempt from jury duty at present by merely asserting their desire to be excused, but all over the State women are serving cheerfully and with ability. Women bailiffs are being introduced, as in Territorial days.

One innovation that women jurors have made will be appreciated by the public at large. In a case being tried in one of the northern counties, the wrangling of the opposing attorneys became so abusive that the women jurors appealed to the judge to stop it—and he did. It is noticeable, too, that the brow-beating of witnesses is somewhat modified, counsel fearing to offend woman jurors.

Soon after the ballot was sranted in November, 1910, a police court jury of six prominent suffragists was empaneled to try a woman on a charge of using gas that was not registered by meter. On the showing of facts, the woman was acquitted, and she has since obtained substantial damages from the gas company as the result of her arrest.

In cases involving prominent persons, there has been no hesitancy in accepting women on the jury. In one notable case in Bellingham an attempt was made to convict a fish-trap company of violation of the law in the use of their traps. This is a serious offense, tending to destroy the fish industry, but though many actions have been brought through many years, no convictions have been made. Recently a mixed jury disagreed on the first ballet, most of the men votins for acquittal. But there was a woman on that jury, who began to argue the case, and after seven hours

she brought them over to her way of thinking, and for the first time in the history of Puget Sound fish industry a really important conviction was secured. So jubllant is Whatcom County that it is proposed to run this woman juror for the Legislature.

Recently a jury of women in California tried an editor on a charge of publishing profane and obscene campaigsn epithets. Thirty-six women were summoned for examination as to their qualifications for sitting in the panel. The editor was acquitted on the charge of printing obscenity. The women found that what he had published was simple profanity, adding that it would be better if such epithets were read in the paper rather than heard as one passed the doors of saloons.

The ruling of the Attorney-General of California that women are ineligible for jury service in that State is unfortunate. No right that the ballot brings to woman is so precious as the right to sit upon the jury. It is in the court room that property rights and personal rights, that life itself and destiny is decided. The “omnibus bill,' sweeping away all civil disabillties of California women, which has just passed the House by a unanimous vote, should become a law. The State needs women jurors, and women need to protect their rights by serving.— The Western Woman Voter.

VOTES FOR WOMEN SHOULD BE GRANTED (Concluded from Page 57)

States have granted suffrage to women on some subjects, and six have granted complete suffrage. It is no wonder that English women, even though they have voting power on practically everything except for members of Parliament, still remain unsatisfied, nay, are more discontented than ever before. It is no wonder that American women, who have been given a partial franchise, also want the logical process completed. They have been given rights in larger and larger measure; they have been permitted a more public sphere of ordimary activity; economic pressure has turned millions of them into breadwinners; and the social status of all of them has been so altered that the last step must now be taken or all previous steps are meaningless. They have been educated up to the very point when the last prize is just before them, and it must not be denied. They have been permitted to attain a state of self-competency, and the one mark of self-competency—the badge of sovereignty, the highest gov-

HUMAN MACHINES" GIVE HOPE

vhat May Be Expected When Electricity, Gas, Steam, Education and Brains and the Woman Heart Combine for Woman and the Home

Have you noticed that in hard labor men and women are being supplanted by marvelous machines that are so wenderfully made that they seem nearly human? Have you watched the vacuum cleaner take up “the dust of ages,' making housecleaning like child's play? Have you watched the auto truck and the electric car move off with their great burdens with the ease of a boy on skates? Have you visited the plant of your daily paper and seen the magic work of the linotype, the great printing presses and the folding machines?

If you have not, you owe it to yourself and your time to do so, especially if you know anything of the drudgery and monotony of housework. Consider the wonders of your generation and consider what may be expected when electricity and gas and steam and brains and education and the woman heart combine for woman and the home as they have already combined for business and industry. Do you not have times of sreat rejoicing over the encouraging things that are on the horizen and that will come quicker if we get the vote? Out in California they are talking about municipal newspapers, municipal baths, municipal laundries. Does that mean nothing to you?

It is the kind of faith, and faith justified, that takes some of us out to the street corners on Saturday afternoons to sell The Woman's Journal. We believe these things are matters of education; we believe The Journal is a great educational medium on the mer-

t Roosevelt's on this question is simply evasive. The proposal for a plebiscite of women to decide in any State whether that State should provide for their complete enfranchisement is based upon no fundamental idea of suffrage. It is not even a fundamental question to ask whether they would use the ballot if they had it. No set of people, either in America or in Europe, on the eve of possible enfranchisement, was ever required to meet such tests. Rights have always been extended on high grounds of public justice and morality, and in recegnition of personality. Suffragists do not fear such tests; but the tests, if applied, would not be decisive. The case does not rest finally on the wishes of the set of people to be benefitted, or upon the use they will make of the privilege. It rests finally upon the moral obligation of a free jtate to recognize a person as a person. The statement of the British statesman applies with much gerater force to the women of today than it did to any class ever before enfranchised—"A free government and a large number of people excluded from its piivileges cannot exist together." Dr. Denney was several times interrupted by applause.

WOMEN TO SERVE AS HOUSEHOLD ASSESSORS

Seven Are Appointed to Act in Spokane, Wash., with Forty-two Men

Glen B. Creighton, assessor of Spokane County, has appointed seven women to handle household assessment in Spokane this spring. They will begin work early in March at $90 a month, the same as is paid to men. Forty-two men have been appointed for that city. It is said that a number of women will be named deputy assessors for the 18 incorporated towns in the county.

Mr. Creighton says his appointees are women of good business ability, and he predicts they will do the work in a satisfactory way. “If they do as well as we expect," he added, “I see no reason why they should not have equal chances with men in this kind of work."

Rev. Anna H. Shaw writes: “I am happy to say that I have returned to New York with renewed strength and vigor. My three weeks' rest in Florida has absolutely made a new woman of me, and I am ready for a hard spring campaign."

its of the woman's point of view in politics. We, therefore, go forth to the places where people throng; we take them the message, “Votes for Women"; we set them thinking about it, talking about it, asking about it, reading about it. As the thousands so by and look cheerful,—most of them grin or laugh outright and repeat the words, “Votes for Women," willy nilly—a little song sings itself in my heart, the sweetest song in the Enslish language. Long ago I set it to my own music. It begins like this

“They are waking, waking, wakins, In the East and in the West; They are throwing wide their windows to the sun. And they see the dawn is breaking And they quiver with unrest; For they know their work is waiting to be done. “They are waking in the city, They are waking on the farm; They are waking in the boudoir and the mill, And their hearts are full of pity As they sound the wide alarm For the sleepers who in darkness slumber still."

It is faith in womanhood and a sons in the heart that make it easy to sell The Journal in the street in all weather. And selling papers by conviction engenders faith. Perhaps it is the air one breathes, perhaps it is the sense of leisure one feels, or perhaps it is simply the inspiration one gets from so many people hurryins by while one waits. At any rate the faith comes and the song sinss itself. miss 141 in